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/Discussion on Covid-19 Vaccine Excipients
Discussion on Covid-19 Vaccine Excipients February 26,2021.

Both frontrunner companies, Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech, encapsulated their mRNA vaccines using lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to protect the mRNA from nuclease degradation.

LNPs is one of the most advanced delivery systems and has proven to be safe and effective in siRNA delivery. LNP formulations are typically composed of an ionizable lipid, cholesterol, lipid conjugated with polyethylene glycol (PEGylated lipid) and a helper lipid, have recently been recognized as a novel delivery system, and the use of PEG enhances the stability and longevity of the lipid nanoparticles. The mechanism of LNP-mediated delivery of mRNA is not fully understood, but LNPs are suggested to be internalized by endocytosis and are attached electrostatically and fused with the cell membrane via inverted non-bilayer lipid phases. Interestingly, LNPs can also be excreted out of cells by exocytosis,which is a point to note for mRNA delivery via LNPs. Systemically delivered mRNA-LNP complexes mainly target the liver owing to binding of apolipoprotein E and subsequent receptor-mediated uptake by hepatocytes. These microscopic oil-like droplets, approximately 0.1 μm in diameter, surround and protect the fragile mRNA during production, transport, and eventual injection into the body.

On the other hand, nanoparticles as vaccine delivery systems can enhance antigen delivery to the target tissue and cell populations of interest, and act as immunostimulatory adjuvants to activate or augment specific immune responses. PEG has never been found in any other vaccine in the world, and this will be another new use of PEG in the pharmaceutical field.

SINOPEG is Covid-19 Vaccine Excipients supplier. 



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