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Diabetes can lead to nonhealing chronic ulcers over tendons, bones, and joints, and such conditions have to date led to more than 20 million patients suffering a single leg amputation. It is believed that the number of patients who will require lower limb amputation annually will double by 20301. The primary cause of the dreaded and chronic diabetic ulcer complication is impaired vessel formation, particularly microvasculature formation, which is critical for the delivery of oxygen, nutrients, and growth factors, all of which are needed for wound healing, especially in the early stages. Without sufficient angiogenesis (the formation of capillary blood vessel networks), high levels of glucose accumulate at the wound site, leading to ischemia and tissue necrosis. Thus, the reestablishment of the vascular network of diabetic wounds in the early stages of healing is essential to prevent wound expansion and ulcer formation in diabetic patients. In this article, they report an injectable, self-healing coordinative hydrogel with antibacterial and angiogenic properties for diabetic wound regeneration. The hydrogel (referred to as Ag-SH-PEG) was simply prepared using coordinative crosslinking of multi-arm thiolated polyethylene glycol (SH-PEG) with silver nitrate (AgNO3) (Scheme 1a). Due to the dynamic and reversible nature of the Ag–S coordination bond, the resultant coordinative hydrogel featured self-healing properties after repeated rupture and injectable properties when applied through a medical needle. Such self-healing and injectable properties are particularly appealing for skin wound repair because they help reduce gel fragmentation and integrate ruptured gels at the target site, even after external mechanical destruction, and hence can continuously support skin wound healing. Moreover, the hydrogel network gradually releases antibacterial silver ions, which are highly attractive for use in susceptible open diabetic skin wounds. Due to the incorporation of an angiogenic drug, desferrioxamine (DFO), into the coordinative hydrogel, they finally obtained a multifunctional hydrogel that is manageable, resistant to external stress, antibacterial, and angiogenic (Scheme 1b). As an example, an irregular wound resulting from a foot ulcer is shown; in such cases, it is typically difficult for the vessels to grow in (Scheme 1c), which may be overcome in our proposed formulation. Furthermore, no self-healing hydrogels have been reported to include intrinsic structural properties that promote angiogenesis while simultaneously preventing bacterial infections. They anticipate that such unique multifunctional hydrogels will exhibit efficient anti-infective abilities, enhance angiogenic activity, and subsequently accelerate tissue healing in diabetic skin wound sites (Scheme 1d). Scheme 1 In summary, this article have described a multifunctional hydrogel scaffold with injectable, self-healing, antibacterial, and angiogenic properties for diab...

Bone regeneration is a complex process consisting of three major parts, osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and antibacterial. In the past decades, researchers have tried various approaches to guide bone regeneration, for example, some hybrid hydrogels, such as bioactive glass composited gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels, hydroxyapatite incorporated hydrogels, have been reported in guiding bone regeneration . Although enhanced osteogenic differentiation could be observed in these researches, they still fail in coordinating with angiogenesis or antibacterial effects. For now, there are still limited researches on preparing a general platform for properly combining these three parts. In this research they proposed a strategy by using injectable 4-arm-polyethylene glycol-thiol (4-arm-PEG-SH) hydrogel incorporated with liposomes-calcium phosphate nanoparticles (Lip#CaP) to synthesized one general platform in coordinating these three parts including osteogenesis, angiogenesis and antibacterial effect (denoted as ‘three-in-one' hydrogel platform). Compare to other researches, this ‘three-in-one’ hydrogel platform properly guided three process in the bone regeneration process, including the induced angiogenesis caused by the locally released DFO, enhanced osteogenesis caused by CaP-enhanced extracellular matrix mineralization, and broad spectrum antibacterial caused by the combination between Ag+ and bacterial. Additionally, this platform can be totally degraded after 8 week's implant, which avoid occupying the space for the newly generated bone. The antibacterial effect was achieved by Ag+ largely avoiding the antibiotic resistance caused by antibiotics. 1. Chen, H., Cheng, R., Zhao, X., Zhang, Y., Tam, A., & Yan, Y. et al. (2019). An injectable self-healing coordinative hydrogel with antibacterial and angiogenic properties for diabetic skin wound repair. NPG Asia Materials, 11(1). doi: 10.1038/s41427-018-0103-9 If there is any copyright infringement, please contact us and we will remove the content at the first time. Sinopeg provide various NW poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) products: 2KDa, 5KDa, 10KDa, 20KDa, etc. Products: Linear Monofunctional PEGs Linear Bifunctional PEGs Linear Heterofunctional PEGs Branched PEGs Multi-Arm Functional PEGs Functionally Grafted PEGs

Graphene, as the thinnest, strongest and stiffest material and arranged in a honeycomb pattern structure with sp2-hybridized carbon, finds more potential applications in modern industry than other carbonaceous allotropes; in pristine form, it is also an excellent heat and electric conductor . However, the major obstacle in utilizing graphene, particularly for electronic applications, is its insolubility in the fully reduced state due to the strong affinity between the graphene sheets. In the present study, they synthesized for the first time a polydispersed graphene with desirable electric conductivity by covalent functionalization with single terminal aminated polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether (PEG-NH2). The PEG-NH2 grafted graphene ([email protected]) was then reduced by hydrazine hydrate to [email protected] and subsequently incorporated into epoxy resin by a solution mixing method. The [email protected] with a“core-shell”structure exhibited homogeneous dispersion in epoxy and also effectively reduced the dielectric loss, hence contributing excellent dielectric properties and mechanical strength to the final [email protected]/epoxy nanocomposites. Fig. 1. Low and high magnification SEM images of (a, a’) neat epoxy, (b, b’) [email protected]/epoxy 1.0 wt%, and (c, c’) rGO/epoxy 1.0 wt% nanocomposites. Dielectric properties of [email protected]/epoxy nanocomposite. Fig. 1 displays representative SEM images of neat epoxy, [email protected]/epoxy and rGO/epoxy nanocomposites. The surface of neat epoxy (Fig. 1a and a') displays a typical smooth structure characteristic of its brittleness. The modified [email protected] exhibits excellent dispersion in epoxy (black arrows in Fig. 1b) and no obvious aggregates of [email protected] are observed. The magnified SEM image of [email protected]/epoxy (see Fig. 1b’) reveals some [email protected] nanosheets pulled out or dragged from epoxy and also confirms strong interfacial filler/matrix interaction due to the filler surface functionalization. By contrast, untreated graphene (rGO) nanoplatelets aggregate easily in epoxy matrix caused by the inert surface of reduced graphene as demonstrated in Fig.1c and c', yielding poor mixing and dispersion of rGO. Therefore, the excellent dispersion of [email protected] compared to untreated rGO results in enhanced dielectric and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites discussed in the next two sub-sections. Fig. 2. Dispersion state of (a) [email protected] and (b) [email protected] in different solvents after different times. It is known that pristine graphene is extremely insoluble in water and other organic solvents, while GO exhibits polydispersed behavior due to the formation of plenty of hydrophilic oxygen groups. The solubility of [email protected] and [email protected] in different solvents are displayed in Fig.2. As expected, [email protected] shows good compatibility in water, alcohol, acetone and DMF even after 1 week. The good dispersion of [email protected] is mainly attributed to the oxygen groups at its edges and basal plane. After reduction, [email protected] is less soluble than [email protected], especially in alcohol and acetone. ...

According to statistics, the number of diabetes patients in the world has reached 425 million in 2017.It is estimated that the number of diabetes patients in the world will reach 629 million in 2045.Diabetes medicine is one of the largest drug markets in the world.Among them, injection medicine  (insulin, GLP-1) totaled 29 billion US dollars, accounting for 69%; oral preparations (DPP-4, SGLT-2) totaled US $13 billion, accounting for 31%. Semaglutide is a human GLP-1 analogue currently in development for the treatment of T2D, with a similar structure to liraglutide. Semaglutide reduces HbA1c, systolic blood pressure, and body weight.After 12 weeks of treatment, semaglutide decreased fasting and postprandial glucose by increasing insulin production and decreasing glucagon secretion (which is normally associated with increases in blood sugar). Semaglutide also lowers fasting triglycerides and VLDL cholesterol, exerting beneficial effects on cardiovascular health. In Novo Nordisk's half year 2020 financial report, semaglutide injection (Ozempic) has been listed in 43 countries around the world.In the first half of 2020, sales increased by 152% to US $1.5 billion. Sales of liraglutide (Victoza) fell 18% to $1.47 billion. In addition, sales of oral semaglutide (Rybelsus) just approved in 2019 will reach US $92 million. According to the prediction of Evaluate Pharma, GLP-1 and SGLT-2 will occupy half of the world's top 10 hypoglycemic drugs in 2024. Global sales of semaglutide injection(Ozempic) are expected to reach $5.28 billion by 2024, and oral semaglutide (Rybelsus) is expected to reach $3.23 billion. If there is any copyright infringement, please contact us and we will remove the content at the first time. Sinopeg provide semaglutide and liraglutide. The product has high purity and complete quality system, which can meet the clinical application. If you need help, please contact us!

Tissue adhesives play a vital role in surgical processes as a substitute for sutures in wound closure. Tissue adhesives, have been widely used in dentistry , orthopedics , and cardiovascular wounds closure to partially replace the traditional suturing approaches that often induce tissue deformation, irregular blood flow, and wound dehiscence. However, many of the existing commercial tissue adhesives have flaws that become evident upon application. For example, cyanoacrylate (Super Glue), which is considered as the strongest tissue adhesive,  has been shown to possess strong cytotoxicity . Fibrin glueand polyethylene glycol adhesivesare widely used due to their fast closure and biodegradability .  However, both types of glue have limited applications due to their poor tissue-adhesive property and tensile strength. This study present click chemistry enhanced, dual-crosslinked CS bioadhesive as a new strategy for wound closure with strong adhesive strength, injectability, and biocompatibility. In detail, CS-TCO and CS-Tz precursors were synthesized through carboxyl-to-amine crosslinking (Scheme 1). Upon administration, 4-arm PEG-PALD was mixed with one of the precursors and both of the precursors were injected and mixed within the wound (Scheme 1, 2). The crosslinking of the CS was through both, the rapid reaction between conjugated click chemistry pair TCO/Tz and the formation of Schiff bases between PEG-PALD and primary amines on CS. The mixture can form a solid hydrogel within 2 minutes. By optimizing the dosage of the co-crosslinker, adhesive strength, rheology, swelling ratio, and pore size of the hydrogel were characterized and compared, and the recipe that had the strongest adhesive strength was chosen for further animal study. Scheme 1. Step-by-step synthesis of the precursors and crosslinking of CS bioadhesives. Scheme 2. A depiction of the bonding structure between the CS bioadhesives and surrounding tissue. In this study, click chemistry-based CS bioadhesives were fabricated and evaluated for their ability to accelerate wound closure and promote wound healing. By taking advantage of the rapid click chemistry reaction time, they are able to tune the gelation time of the CS bioadhesives to be around 60-70 seconds for various clinical applications. Through introducing Schiff bases formed within the CS bioadhesives and between the CS bioadhesives and the surrounding tissue, the adhesive strength of the CS bioadhesives was significantly elevated. With the optimized formulation, the adhesive strength of the CS bioadhesives was 2.3 folds higher than that of fibrin glue. The quantitative in vitro cytotoxicity evaluations of the CS bioadhesives supported the application of this material in the medical field. Finally, with the application of the CS bioadhesives for wound closure in mice, it showed that the material produced small tissue gap, accelerated wound closure, and led to a better healing outcome compared with t...

Engineering PEG-based hydrogels can efficiently foster endothelial network formation in free-swelling and confined microenvironments Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and its derivatives are among the few polymers approved by the US FDA that can be used in biomedical products. The PEGl-based hydrogel has excellent flexibility and biocompatibility. Some PEG hydrogels can not only be degraded, but also can form bioactive site through modifying the connexins in a chemical way. In vitro tissue engineered models are expected to have significant impact on disease modeling and preclinical drug development. Reliable methods to induce microvascular networks in such microphysiological systems are needed to improve the size and physiological function of these models. By systematically engineering several physical and biomolecular properties of the cellular microenvironment (including crosslinking density, polymer density, adhesion ligand concentration, and degradability), the author Alexander Brown establish design principles that describe how synthetic matrix properties influence vascular morphogenesis in modular and tunable hydrogels based on commercial 8-arm poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG8a) macromers. The author applies these design principles to generate endothelial networks that exhibit consistent morphology throughout depths of hydrogel greater than 1 mm. These PEG8a-based hydrogels have relatively high volumetric swelling ratios (>1.5), which limits their utility in confined environments such as microfluidic devices. To overcome this limitation, the author mitigates swelling by incorporating a highly functional PEG-grafted alpha-helical poly (propargyl-l-glutamate) (PPLGgPEG) macromer along with the canonical 8-arm PEG8a macromer in gel formation. This hydrogel platform supports enhanced endothelial morphogenesis in neutral-swelling environments. Finally, the author incorporates PEG8a-PPLGgPEG gels into microfluidic devices and demonstrates improved diffusion kinetics and microvascular network formation in situ compared to PEG8a-based gels. [1] Brown A ,  He H ,  Trumper E , et al. Engineering PEG-based hydrogels to foster efficient endothelial network formation in free-swelling and confined microenvironments[J]. Biomaterials, 2020, 243:119921. If there is any copyright infringement, please contact us and we will remove the content at the first time. Sinopeg provide various NW poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) products: 2KDa, 5KDa, 10KDa, 20KDa, etc. Products: Linear Monofunctional PEGs Linear Bifunctional PEGs Linear Heterofunctional PEGs Branched PEGs Multi-Arm Functional PEGs Functionally Grafted PEGs

A sealant can significantly improve the effect of visceral surgery; it can not only reduce intraoperative blood loss, but also reduce postoperative complications such as secondary hemorrhage and tissue adhesion, which are essential in surgical operations. However, the sealant currently used for in vivo hemostasis cannot address the needs in the modern aging society. The main challenges are its safeness, easiness of preparation and removal, and price. The commercial synthetic sealants are mainly made up of PEG, for example the 4-arm PEG hydrogel based on the ammonolysis reaction. Those sealants have advantages of high strength, strong adhesion and economic price, but the disadvantage is that they cannot be quickly degraded and can easily cause foreign body reaction in the wound that leads to healing delay. In order to overcome the limitations of the existing PEG hydrogels, a new PEG sealant based on multi-arm PEG Succinimidyl Succinate (amide bond) has been jointly developed by Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science and the General Hospital of People's Liberation Army. The in vitro experiments show that SS glue has a better hemostatic effect than the previously developed SG and gauze. SS can quickly stanch the bleeding on the wound as well as prevent the adhesion issue after the operation. In contrast, SG and gauze both have different degree of postoperative adhesion when they are used for hemostasis. However, this is not the case for SS, as it is able to stop bleeding effectively even for patients taking anticoagulants, which cannot be achieved by the widely used fibrin glue. The researchers compare the hemostatic effects of SS, SG and gauze on wounds. Among them, SS and SG can achieve rapid wound hemostasis, while gauze is much slower. And after a week of hemostasis, both SG and gauze have different degrees of adhesion while SS does not have such side effects. It indicates that SS not only can stop bleeding, but also acts as a physical barrier to prevent the wound from adhering to the surrounding tissues during the healing process (Figure a). Figure b compares the healing situation of wounds at different times after surgery. Figure c compares the separate hemostatic effects of SS and fibrin glue used in the wounds of a New Zealand white rabbit with anticoagulants. SS has a better hemostatic effect than fibrin glue in terms of speed and stability. The author further uses SS to perform the hemostasis experiment on a large wound surface (diameter: 25mm, depth: 10mm). Even if a coagulant is used, SS can effectively stop bleeding after a certain period of time. [1] Bu Y ,  Zhang L ,  Sun G , et al. Tetra㏄EG Based Hydrogel Sealants for In Vivo Visceral Hemostasis[J]. Advanced Materials, 2019, 31(28):1901580.1-1901...